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To investigate the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in brain development, a team led by John Rinn and Paola Arlotta of the ӳ����ý and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard’s Giulio Tomassy, analyzed the expression of lncRNAs in the developing and adult brain using lncRNA-knockout mouse models. The resulting map of gene expression revealed surprising spatial temporal patterns where a lncRNA is expressed embryonically but not in adult brains and vice-versa. The researchers also found that about 25 percent of lncRNA deletions resulted in a “cis-like” regulatory role on local gene expression. , which appears in PNAS, suggests several avenues for future studies on these molecules in brain development and physiology.