Gain-of-Function Genetic Alterations of G9a Drive Oncogenesis.
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Abstract | Epigenetic regulators, when genomically altered, may become driver oncogenes that mediate otherwise unexplained pro-oncogenic changes lacking a clear genetic stimulus, such as activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in melanoma. This study identifies previously unrecognized recurrent activating mutations in the G9a histone methyltransferase gene, as well as G9a genomic copy gains in approximately 26% of human melanomas, which collectively drive tumor growth and an immunologically sterile microenvironment beyond melanoma. Furthermore, the WNT pathway is identified as a key tumorigenic target of G9a gain-of-function, via suppression of the WNT antagonist DKK1. Importantly, genetic or pharmacologic suppression of mutated or amplified G9a using multiple and models demonstrates that G9a is a druggable target for therapeutic intervention in melanoma and other cancers harboring G9a genomic aberrations. SIGNIFICANCE: Oncogenic G9a abnormalities drive tumorigenesis and the "cold" immune microenvironment by activating WNT signaling through DKK1 repression. These results reveal a key druggable mechanism for tumor development and identify strategies to restore "hot" tumor immune microenvironments.. |
Year of Publication | 2020
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Journal | Cancer discovery
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Volume | 10
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Issue | 7
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Pages | 980-997
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Date Published | 07/2020
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ISSN | 2159-8290
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DOI | 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0532
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PubMed ID | 32269030
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