PMCID
PMC12637643

Gene editing in "cell villages" enables exploring disease-relevant mutations in many genetic backgrounds.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Authors
Abstract

Understanding how individual genetic backgrounds shape the effects of disease-associated mutations is central to elucidating the biology of complex psychiatric disorders. We developed a scalable 'village editing' strategy that enables simultaneous genome editing across multiple induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines, allowing systematic assessment of how polygenic context modulates the impact of specific mutations. Using pooled CRISPR editing in 15 iPSC lines spanning a range of schizophrenia (SCZ) polygenic risk scores, we generated homozygous and heterozygous knockouts in two known SCZ-associated genes: , involved in cholesterol import, and , a presynaptic adhesion molecule. By mixing all lines prior to editing and de-multiplexing them afterward, we efficiently produced multi-donor knockout neurons at scale. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that and loss produce both shared and donor-specific effects on neuronal gene expression, with variable perturbation of neurotransmitter transport and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways across genetic backgrounds. These results demonstrate that village editing enables systematic dissection of gene-background interactions in human neurons, offering a powerful framework for studying the polygenic architecture of psychiatric disease.

Year of Publication
2025
Journal
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Date Published
11/2025
ISSN
2692-8205
DOI
10.1101/2025.11.08.687374
PubMed ID
41278749
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