TIME (Tumor Immunity in the MicroEnvironment) classification based on tumor (PD-L1) expression status and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in colorectal carcinomas.
| Authors | |
| Abstract | Inhibitors targeting the (programmed cell death 1, PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway have revolutionized cancer treatment strategies. The TIME (Tumor Immunity in the MicroEnvironment) classification based on tumor ( ligand 1, PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been proposed to predict response to immunotherapy. It remains to be determined clinical, pathological, and molecular features of TIME subtypes of colorectal cancer. Using 812 colon and rectal carcinoma cases from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we examined the association of tumor characteristics and survival outcomes with four TIME subtypes (TIME 1, /TIL; TIME 2, /TIL; TIME 3, /TIL; and TIME 4, /TIL). In survival analyses, Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for potential confounders, including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) status, LINE-1 methylation level, and , , and mutation status. TIME subtypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 had 218 (27%), 117 (14%), 103 (13%), and 374 (46%) colorectal cancer cases, respectively. Compared with TIL-absent subtypes (TIME 1 and 4), TIL-present subtypes (TIME 2 and 3) were associated with high-level MSI, high-degree CIMP, mutation, and higher amounts of neoantigens ( 0.001). TIME subtypes were not significantly associated with colorectal cancer-specific or overall survival. In conclusion, TIL-present TIME subtypes of colorectal cancer are associated with high levels of MSI and neoantigen load, supporting better responsiveness to cancer immunotherapy. Further studies examining tumor molecular alterations and additional factors in the tumor microenvironment may inform development of immunoprevention and immunotherapy strategies. |
| Year of Publication | 2018
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| Journal | Oncoimmunology
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| Volume | 7
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| Issue | 7
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| Pages | e1442999
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| Date Published | 2018
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| ISSN | 2162-4011
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| DOI | 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1442999
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| PubMed ID | 29900052
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| PubMed Central ID | PMC5993482
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| Links | |
| Grant list | KL2 TR001100 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States
R35 CA197735 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
R01 CA118553 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
P01 CA087969 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
P30 DK043351 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
U01 CA167552 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
R01 CA137178 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
UM1 CA186107 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
P50 CA127003 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
K07 CA190673 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
P01 CA055075 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
R01 CA151993 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
R50 CA211482 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
K24 DK098311 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
R01 CA155010 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
R01 CA169141 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
K07 CA188126 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
UM1 CA167552 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
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