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A compiler is an algorithm that transforms a source language into a target language. The transformation typically includes an optimizing pass which reduces memory or time requirements. Classic compilers transform languages such as C or Java into near-machine code such as x86 Assembly or JVM Bytecode. Recent work on Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) expands the notion of "source language" in order to enable everyone to build easy-to-reason-about abstractions without the performance penalty. In this context, I will discuss compiler design and implementation techniques with examples.